Wire-drawing machine



Oct. 11 1 927 J. A. HORTON- WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed De c.

23 192 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 -INVEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

6 Sheets-Sheet; 2

- ATTORNEY/5,

JQ-A. HORTON WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed Dec. 23, 1922 wi 1J1 l 1| J3 Oct. 11, 1927.

4 1,645,052 08%. 11,1927. HORTON WIRE DRAWING MAGHI NE Filed D80. 25, 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 7/ INVENTORQ A TTORNEYJ.

' 1645052 Oct. 11, 927. J A HORTON WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed Dec. 25. 1922 e Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENIOR.

ATTORNEYJ.

q I @645 @2 11,1927, l AHORTN 1 9 WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed Dec. 25, 1922 6 sh' t -sh t 5 %WMI w ATTORNEY;

J. A HQRTQN WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed Dec'. 23, 1922' m wiz 6 sheets fiheei; 6

INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Get. 111, i927.

c arac er-ares intense FATENT @FFECE' JAMES a HORTON, or wono'nsrnn, MAssAonnsn'rrs.

.WIRE-DRAWING maonnvn.

Application filed December28, 1922. Serial No. 608,214.

This invention relates to the drawing ofsteel or other metallic wire by what is known as the continuous process, through a number of'dies, and by a series of drums, in one operation. The invention is designed to overcome certain objectionable features of previous machines, viz, the revolving of the drawing drums at a peripheral speed greater than the travel of the wire, causing the wire to be chafed and the lubricating material to be removed from that portion of the wire which comes in contact. with the drawing usually coated with copper or copper and 1 tin. Ifa small strip of coating is removed by the slippage of the wire on the drums, the steel of the wire will come into contact with thesteel of the die, and as there are several drums, there will be several such re movals of coating When the wire comes in direct contact with the'material of the dies, it is scratched by such direct contact, for want of the coating. To avoid this scratching I have .deVised the improved machine hereinafter described. Of the accompanying drawings a part of this specifi cation,-

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a. plan View, showing a motor drive.

Figure 3 .s a section on line 3-3 of Figure 1 forming Figure 8 1s a front elevation of the parts I shown in Figure 7.

Figure 9 shows the planetary locking de vice.

Figure 10 shows the sun and internal end of the sleeve is fixed a sun gear 31. A sleeve 32 is mounted loosely on the sleeve 29.

Figure 4 is a section on line H of Fig- 37, and to be pushed inward by means ingears, with the planet gears in place, and the pockets into which enter the locking pin hereinafter described.

Figure 11 is a front elevation, showing a modified form of the machine, the shafts of driving employed when an electric motor is not available. 1 f

Figure 12 is a plan view of the form of machine shown by Figure 11.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts inall the figures. 1

In the drawings, 15 represents a frame, which maybe of any suitable form, and

adapted to support the usual drawing drum shafts hereinaftendescribed, and an inverted drum adapted todischarge its coilv downward.

16 represents the first drawing-drum, 17 the second drawing-drum, 18 the third drawing-drum, and 19 the inverted finishing drum.

' 20 represents an idler sheave, which guides the wire passing from the first'ito the second drum. 21 represents the holder offthe first and second dies; 22 the hol der-iof the third die; and 23 the holder of the fourth die; 24 represents the shaft on which are fixed the second drum l7, anda gear 25 (Figure 5). '26 (Figure 5) represents a sleeve on which the drum 16 and gear 28 are fixed, the sleeve being rotatably mounted on the shaft 24. 29 represents a sleeverotatably mounted on a shaft 27 (Figure 5). On one end of the sleeve29 isfixed a pinion/30, meshing with the gear 28, and on the other To the sleeve 32 is fixed a pinion 33, and an internal gear 34,'the pinion 33 meshing with the gear 25. To the shaft 27 is fixed a planet-carrying gear 85. r

The shafts 24 and 27 are mounted in suitable bearings in the frame 15.

Movable in the-shaft 27 is a rod 36 (Fig. 5) ,adapted to be moved outward by a spring eluding a cam 38, fixed to a shaft 39, which is mounted in suitablev bearings 40, and a lever 41 ,fulcrumed at 42, and actuated by the cam "88 to push the rod 36 inward against the force of the spring 37. A lever 43 fulcrumed at 43*, on the gear 35, carries a pin 44, which, when moved by the spring being in an upright position 'an'dthe means I 37, through the rod 36, engages one of a cirfix ' ing the several cams,

31, sai

cular series .of pockets 31 (Figure 10) in the gear 31.

A lever (Figure 6) fixed to the shaft 39, has its other end supported by a link 46, hanging on the wire being drawn,.near the first die-holder. provided withtwo cams 38 and 38 similar to the cam 38 and cooperating, respectively, with levers 68 and 90, hereinafter referred to. When the link 46 is not supported by the wire being drawn, the lever 45 will fall vto the' position-repfesented by dotted lines in Figure 6,- rocking the shaft 39 and cans- 38, 38 38?, thereon to actuate their 'coacting levers 41, 68 and 90 and'the clutch mechanisms controlled thereby. 47, '48, 49 represent planet gears mounted to rotate loosely on studs carried by the gear 35, (Figure 10).

As shown by F'gure 3, the drawing-drum 18, and a gear 50, are fixed to a shaft 51,

, mounted" in suitable bearings in the frame.

Fixed to a loose sleeve 52, mounted on the shaft 51, are bevel gear 53 and gear 54. The ear 53 meshes witha bevel gear 55, which is fixed to a shaft 56. A pinion 5,7 is fixed to the shaft 56, and meshes with a gear 58 (Figure 2), which meshes with a gear 59, fixed to the finishing drum 19.

The gear 54 meshes with a pinion 54 on a sleeve 32, which in turn is mounted on a sleeve 29 on a shaft 27. 32 is also secured an internalv gear 72 and on the sleeve 29* within said internal gear is a second sun gear 31. A planet-carrying gear 65 fixed to the shaft 27 is adapted to be connected b a clutch pin 44 with the sun gear clutch 111 being actuated by a spring pressed rod with a cam 38 on the shaft 39 in the same spring 71, and inwar 'manner as the clutch 44 isoperated by the lever 41 and cam 38.

The field 10 of an electric motor (Figure 4) is mounted in a fixed frame 60. A gear 61 is fixed to the shaft 62 of the armature of the motor, and meshes through an intermediate gear 61 (Figure 1) with the carrier gear 35 (Figure 1). A gear 63 is fixed to the extension 64 of the field portion of' the motor,-and meshes wit-h a carrier gear 65 (Figures 2 and 3).

A shaft 66 (Figure 4) is mounted in suitable bearings inthe frame. Inserted in the shaft 66 is a rod'67, ressed outward by a 5 through a lever' 68, actuated through the cam '38,,on shaft 39. A gear 69 is-fixed to the shaft 66, and meshes with the planet-carrying gear 65 (Figures 1 and 3). A gear 70, mounted on theshaft 66, and free to revolve or slide thereon, meshes with the planet-carrying gear 35. Clutch members 69 and 70 in gears 69 and 70, are ada'ted to engage each other when the spring l i's liberated, the clutch mem- The shaft 39 is further To the sleeve and lever 90 cooperating 4 of the two reaaoea to a fixed speed performing the same funcv tion as 37 and 67, are released.

With the lever 45 resting in the position shown by the dotted line (Figure 6), the shaft 39 will have been partially rotated and the cams 38,38, 38",-will have released the levers 41,68 and 90 and ermitted the s rings cooperating with said evers to force t eqlo'cking pins 44', 44, into the pockets of the sun gears, thus locking the planetary systems to revolve as one gear. The spring 71 will also force the gears 69, 70, into clutched position, thus causing the two mem bars-of the motor to revolve at equal speeds. The only function, of thegears69, 70, is to fix the speed of each member of'the motor when the drums are driven at fixed speeds relativeto the motor speeds. The partlcular motor shown comprises a motor field mountthe motor revol'vesinside the field as usual,

and has a pinion 61 connectedto' its shaft,

which pinion drives the other planetary system. The balancing ofthe load upon the motor and'armature is brought about by the strain on the wire in exc ess of that required to draw it through the diedue to inequalities of the die as originally made or to uneven wear. I The wear between the first two dies is compensated for by the first planetary system w ich, as hefore.,noted,-is"driven by the p nion 61 on the armature shaft. The strain produced by the second and third dies is compensated by the second planetary system which is driven by the pinion 63 connected to the rhotor field. The compensating effect of the motor parts due to the elasticity of the current compensates for the variation of each pair of dies so that the speeds will all be automatically ad'usted by the excess strain on the wire. or example, a wire of No. Sgage will break under 'a's t'rain of about 1200. lbs. will be suflicient to draw a No. 5 rod through a No. 8 gage die. The

speed of the'motor parts will be varied by i a difi'erence of say 100 lbs. between the twoplanetary systems so .thatthe speeds ofall the several drums will be automatically ad justed. When the 'wire has passed through the first ,die, the first planetary system is relieved of-the strain of driving the drum 16 and would instantly speed up if the dropping of the lever 45.d1d not effect the locking lanetar systems to the motor members as ascribe and thus fix the speeds of all the vdrums.

A. wire rod 's threadedthrough the first die, is carried in several wraps around the lit] first drum 16. The wire is then passed back around the dler sheave 20, and through the second die, then carried in several wraps around the second drumol'r', and then to the third die, then in several wraps around the third drum 18, and then through the fourth die to the inverted finishing drum-19, The

link ldon the lever 45 is now engaged with the wire as it leaves thefirst die, and the machine is in full operation, and continues to operate until the wire is finished at the first die, and releases the link 46, the lever -15 immediately drops to the position shown by dotted lines, Figure (5 and locks the courpcnsating system to drive the drums at a fixed predetermined speed, to finish the wire remaining on the drums.-

In using an upright drum with all the spindles in an upright position, as shown by Figures 11 and 12, the idler sheave 20 is' dispensed with, and the operation is as tsbllows:

A wire rod (Figure 11) is passed through the first die and carried in several wraps around the first drum 16 (Figure 11), then through the second die, and carried 1n several wraps around the second drum 17?, then back through the third die. and carried around the drum 18 in several wraps, then through the fourth die to the finishing drum 1?)" The dies are of a predetermined size or gauge, but in the process of makng the eyes of these dies, the size of the eyes is not always of the exact size called for, and may vary slightly. Sometimes the eye is intentionallyvaried to suit a particular kind of rod.

This variation affects the elongation of the wire to an appreciable extent, hence the predetermined speed of the drawing drums cannot be fixed to match the elongation.

The main object of this invention is to so construct a machine for continuous drawing, that there will be no slip of wire on the drawing drums, because all the drums will automaticallyadjust themselves to the call and tension of the wire. This I accomplish by using the planetary gearing in combination with any suitable power (Figures 11 and 12), or in combination with an electric motor of special construction, in which both members of the motor are adapted to revolve, although in opposite directions, thus using pensating element o t the'machine. When the electric current is not suitable or conin place of the special motoras shown in- Figure 2. I t

, Another object is to provide a means of locking all the compensating'parts, includ-' ing the motor, so they will. revolve at a fixed predetermined speed, when some, but not all of the drums are drawing, to prevent any drum which becomes unloaded. from revolving at a higher rate of speed, due to the unbalancing of pull on the different druns. Another object is to cause the drains to revolve at .a fixed predetermined speed during the threading operation. I prefer to use an inverted drum for a finishing drum, but an upright drum 19 (not inverted} may be used with all the compensating mech anism, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the drums being driven from any source of power.

Another object is to provide a means of automatically controlling the locking ghroughthe action of the wire atthe first I claim:

1. In a continuous wire-drawing machine, two dies, two drums driven through planetary gearing, two other dies, two other drums, driven by other planetary gears, and c an electric motor, comprising two members both of which are adapted to revolve,-one member driving one planetary system, and the other member driving the other planetary system, whereby all the drums are in one compensating system. I

2. Iii a continuous wire-drawing machine, two dies, two drums, a planetary system for driving both said drums, two other dies, two other drums, another planetary system for driving the last said drums, a third planetary system between the first two, means for .the wire fails to support the lever. the elasticity of the electric current as a com- 4-. En a continuous wire-drawing machine, two compensating planetary systems, two planet carriers, and an electric motor, with the field and armature revolving in opposite directions, one planet carrier revolved by the armature, and the other revolved by the field of said motor.

5. In a continuous wire-drawing machine, two dies, two drums driven through a planetary system, two other dies, two other drums driven through another planetary system, a

motor with armature and field, both adapted internahgear, a: gear fixed to each drum, a

gear fixed to the sun gear, a gear fixed to the internal gear, a planet carrying gear, two other dies, two other drums driven through a second planetary system, a gear fixed to each drum, a gear fixed to the internal gear-of the second system, a planet-.

carrying gear for the second system, a third planetary system adapted to drive the first and second systems, and means whereby the sun gear and internal gear of the third system are revolved at the same speed while all the drums revolve at a difi'erent predetermined speed. v

7. In a continuous wire-drawing machine, two dies, two drums, an electric motor, of which the armature and field are adapted to revolve; two planetary systems, one driven by the armature and one driven by the field; and means for automatically locking the two members of the motor to a fixed predetermined speed when one member becomes partly unloaded by the passage of the wire being drawn, from the first die.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature. r

JAMES A; HORTON. 

